\documentclass[a4paper, 11pt]{article}
\usepackage{comment} % enables the use of multi-line comments (\ifx \fi) 
\usepackage{fullpage} % changes the margin
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{tabu}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{hyperref} 
\usepackage{color}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{enumitem}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{soul}
\usepackage{graphicx} 
\usepackage{amsmath, amsthm, amsfonts, amssymb, amscd, bm}
\usepackage{verbatim}
\usepackage{url}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{xspace}
\usepackage[square,numbers]{natbib}
\usepackage{lineno}

\usepackage[square,numbers]{natbib}

% r_eff
\newcommand{\effr}{$R_\mathrm{eff}$\xspace}
\newcommand{\effrp}{$R_\mathrm{eff}$\xspace}

% end date for r_eff estimates
\newcommand{\rpreddate}{24 January 2021 \xspace} 
% date of most recent inferred infection for r_eff estimates
\newcommand{\rinfdate}{18 January \xspace} 

\usepackage[skip=0.5\baselineskip]{caption}

\begin{document}

\begin{table}
  \caption*{Supplemental File 4: Parameters used in the time-series part of the time-varying model of \effr.}
  \label{tbl:timepriors}
  \centering
  \begin{tabular}{lr}
    \toprule
    Prior distribution & Parameter description \\
    \midrule
    \(\sigma \sim \mathrm{N}^+(0, 0.5^2)\) & State-level component of amplitude of deviation \effr\\
    \(l \sim \mathrm{lognormal}(3, 1)\) & Temporal correlation \effr\\
    \(\alpha \sim \mathrm{lognormal}(3, 1)\) & Correlation mixture weights \effr\\
    \bottomrule
  \end{tabular}
\end{table}

\end{document}